Overeducation,job mobility and earnings mobility among holders of first degrees

Overeducation has been researched extensively for nearly three decades, but some major issues in regard to it are still topics of ongoing debate. By using a panel data, that combines a survey of two cohorts of Israeli first-degree holders and data from administrative sources on jobs and wages, we examine the contribution of job turnover, cognitive abilities and continuing graduate studies to the likelihood of overeducation and wage dynamics. The study produces four main findings. First, rapid job-switching makes a negative contribution to the increase in employee’s wage and there is a negative correlation between two variables – an employee’s tenure and the number of past employers in the years after the completion of degree studies – and the probability of being overeducated. Second, the contribution of the individual’s cognitive abilities and quantitative reasoning skills to the likelihood of becoming overeducated is negative. Third, the wages of overeducated employees are some 11% lower and rise more slowly than the wages of those whose level of schooling corresponds to their jobs; this outcome may be interpreted as indicating that the ‘scars’ of being overeducated tend to be long-lasting. Fourth, the overeducated workers have lower propensity to continue to advanced academic studies.     

Which factors improve the performance of the internationalization process? Focus on family firms

This study aimed to analyse the impact that the financial features and characteristics of the ownership structures of international companies exert on the performance of their internationalization process, as perceived by managers, and attempted to detect differences between family firms (FF) and nonfamily firms (non-FF). In addition, the impact of these characteristics and others related to FF, such as family ownership and generation, on the perceived performance of their internationalization is analysed. Based on a sample of Spanish companies with direct investment in China, the results indicated that, from the managers’ perspective, being an FF and having lower financial leverage exerted a positive effect on the performance of the internationalization process. Moreover, the study proved that this performance was strongly and positively related to the financial results of the company, and this positive effect was even stronger in the case of FF. Finally, the findings also showed that FF with a higher involvement of the family in their ownership recognized a better performance of their internationalization process. These results will be useful for companies that are considering the value of internationalization as a strategy to improve or maintain their financial results, and they also highlight certain differences between FF and non-FF.     

出口退税政策对出口贸易的持续影响效应研究——来自异质性企业出口生存率的证据

出口退税作为一项贸易调控政策,在一国政府应对国际贸易的大幅波动中发挥着重要作用.文章以企业出口关系持续性作为研究切入点,结合高度细化的出口退税率数据,运用生存分析模型对出口退税政策的实施效果进行系统评估.研究表明:(1)总体而言,出口退税率的变动在短期和长期均对企业出口关系的稳定性产生了显著影响.(2)在短期内,出口退税政策的调整对企业出口持续性的影响不因其所在区域和行业特征的差异而存在显著不同,但在所有制属性层面,民营企业受到的影响程度最大.(3)在长期内,来自东部地区、民营以及低技术行业的企业不仅受政策变动的作用时效更长,而且受政策调整的影响效果也更明显;而来自西部地区、三资以及高技术行业的企业则对出口退税政策调整的反应敏感程度最低.因此,出口退税政策的实施需要结合出口信贷等政策加以综合运用,以保证经济的平稳运行.     

降低单相异步电动机振动噪声新方法的研究

从气隙磁场磁势分布情况可知,单相异步电动机的振动转矩客观存在.为了能更好地降低其振动转矩,提出了把两台参数相同的单相异步电动机采用同轴连接运行的方法.当两台电机定子磁场互差90°电角度时,由椭圆磁场产生的振动转矩将基本被相互抵消.实验证明,该方法能有效降低单相异步电动机的转动转矩.     

试论音乐教育课程对“旅游能人”的培养

美国心理学教授霍华德.加德纳在其多元智能理论中,重新审视当今的教育,使现今教育视觉、人才培养方式更为科学和全面。旅游院校提出了＂培养旅游能人＂的目标,提出了行业的人才培养要求;要实现这个目标,音乐智能的培养是不可缺少的环节和内容。通过音乐教育课程的实施,使音乐智能在＂旅游能人＂的成长过程中起到促进作用,把音乐教育课程正式纳入到学校各专业的教学大纲中,创新课程,办出特色,以培养出旅游行业中真正的能人。     

浅析农民工的生存现状与发展出路

农民工虽然贡献巨大,但身份尴尬、待遇微薄,导致这些问题的根源是农民工法律主体地位的尴尬、政治身份不明确和实践层面上合法权益得不到保障所致,应该进一步立法确定其身份及权益、革新二元社会结构,从而保护农民工的合法权益。     

高职人力资源管理专业人才培养目标的探讨

本文以山西经济管理干部学院人力资源管理专业改革的历程为例,从高职教育与本科教育比较的视角,以对人才培养规格构成要素的分析为切入点,描述了高职人力资源管理专业的人才培养规格,由此提出了人才培养的目标;最后引申出区别于HRM专业本科教育基于＂完整的学科知识体系＂构建课程体系的高职HRM以＂工作过程系统化＂架构课程体系的意义。     

论法务会计的行为边界及其职业领域

确立法务会计行为边界具有十分重要的理论意义;法务会计的本质体现为一种专业会计行为;法务会计行为由法务会计判断、法务会计诉讼支持、法务会计鉴定三部分构成;依据法务会计行为内容界定法务会计的职业领域。     

策略训练对英语自主学习影响的研究

针对高职类非英语专业学生的特点,采用策略训练外语教学模式,培养学生英语自主学习能力,改善学生的英语学习态度,提高学习效率。     

"两模块,四结合"创新型人才培养模式研究与实践

北京工业大学以创新学分为切入点,构建"两模块,四结合"的创新型人才培养模式。通过压缩教学计划总学时、开设创新实践课程、丰富课外创新实践等措施,实现人才培养目标。